Not every plumbing problem is a homeowner’s responsibility to fix. Learn what a water main is to better understand your home water supply.
What the Water Main Does
A water main is the central pipe in your city or town’s water distribution system that supplies water to smaller pipes. The municipal government installs and maintains the water main.
While some homeowners believe the water main runs up to their houses, the water service line carries water from the main to your home. Most water mains are located under streets, but some are located under sidewalks.
Knowing the difference between the water main and water service line can help you understand the responsibility for repairs to your home water supply system. Any leak between a water meter and a residence is the homeowner’s responsibility.
Materials Used in Water Mains
Water main pipes and fittings are made with metal and plastic. Metals used include cast iron, ductile iron, steel, and copper. Plastics include PVCs, HDPE, and fiberglass. Water mains also feature clay and concrete pipes made from materials like vitrified clay, reinforced concrete, and asbestos cement.
Each material has its own characteristics that make it suitable for specific applications and environments. Manufacturers have come to identify and use these high-performing materials to achieve the goal of durable water mains that resist corrosion.
If your water service uses older water mains, your city might have water mains made with lead pipes. Lead water mains are harmful to your health because they can slowly leach lead particles into the water supply.
Signs of a Water Main Problem
Problems with the water main can cause serious issues throughout your home. Low water pressure at your home can indicate an issue with the water main, but if you only have low pressure coming out of one faucet, it’s likely just that fixture.
The water in your home might be discolored or have a bad smell if there’s a problem with the water main. And a water main line leak can also cause large puddles to form in your yard and in the street, potentially attracting pests. If you suspect a water main leak, report the problem to your local water department.
